Southern View of Religion in Lillian Smith’s Killers of the Dream Essay

Southern View of Religion in Lillian Smith’s Killers of the Dream â€Å"Our first lesson about God made the deepest impression on us. We were told that He loved us, and then we were told that He would burn us in everlasting flames of hell if we displeased Him. We were told we should love Him for He gives us everything good that we have, and then we were told that we should fear Him because He has the power to do evil to us whenever He cares to. We learned from this part of the lesson another: that â€Å"people,† like God and parents, can love you and hate you at the same time; and though they may love you, if you displease them they may do you great injury; hence being loved by them does not give you protection from being harmed by them. We learned that They (parents) have a â€Å"right† to act in this way because God does, and that They in a sense represent God, in the family.† -Lillian Smith, Killers of the Dream, p. 85 This short passage introduces the first of many paradoxes and contradictions that dominate the Southern way of life that Smith depicts in Killers of the Dream. It is fitting that Smith (and her contemporaries) should remember their first lesson about God as a terrifying self-contradiction, because this theme perpetuates itself in the Southern view of religion. It lays the framework for a theological doctrine that banishes a person to the flames of hell for taking a sip of alcohol, yet turns its head as human beings banish others to the ghettos and old slave quarters for having dark skin. This passage also creates a parallel between the white people and their role as the â€Å"God† of Southern society. Smith states, â€Å"We were told we should love Him for He gives us everything good that we have, and then we were told that... ...hild understands his relationship with God and his parents as such, it is fairly natural that he will grow up to perpetuate a facsimile of that relationship between himself and his own children and the black community, both environments in which he is â€Å"God.† Smith summarizes her description of her early â€Å"lesson† with â€Å"We learned that They (parents) have a â€Å"right† to act in this way because God does, and that They in a sense represent God, in the family.† This satirical presentation of the word â€Å"right† in parentheses both the parental and the societal desire for the white man to play God. However, Smith ironically suggest that God does not act this way, He is simply drawn into the trial as an unwitting testimonial justifying the behavior that society wants to believe is right, despite their gnawing knowledge that it is far from right, and far from human, or humane.

The World – Creative Writing

After the dreamless sleep of eons, the time had come for him to awaken, to view what was known only as The World. He traversed the nothingness of the desolate area around him, aimlessly trying to find something, someone, anything. Yet isolation was all he found. The World was a place where the order of time was non-existent and all of intelligent life's technology was lost for all eternity, all under a veil of turmoil. The more he searched, the less he found. The only sound to be heard was the sound of skulls crushed under foot. Yet his pointless journey continued. He became more frantic; he wanted to find something, a flower, a butterfly, or someone he could socialize with. Still, nothingness was all he found, himself was all he could socialize with. He became scared even though there was nothing to be afraid of. Fear had consumed him, just like fear had consumed The World. He believed too, he would become just a number. However, then he saw it. Pillars of blackness emanating from the horizon, piercing the sky above him, a fair distance away from him. He also saw faint figures, just like himself near the origin of the Pillars, and a city surrounding them. He started walking towards the city. A walk soon turned into run as he was struck with inconsolable relief. He knew, now, he was not the only person in The World. He thought he was alone, but now his fears were all except present. When became closer, inconsolable relief turned to inconsolable pain as he saw the figures close up. He did not see humans, people, or even animals. They were monstrosities. Turned to their state by their own greed and power hungry minds, only mutated organisms were left. One turned and slowly trundled towards him. It wore a long grey unblemished garment, with a hood obscuring its face. Diamonds, gold and other precious materials covered it, in a delicate and intricate pattern. He shivered as it put a limb, similar to a hand, on his shoulder. ‘You are lost, are you not?' it muttered to him. He nervously nodded, not able to open his mouth to speak. He continued ‘After many centuries of searching I have finally found the one I am looking for, the one I can call my own. You may not think you know me, however, you know me more than you think you believe, and more than you want to believe.' He was mystified. A figure he had never seen before that claimed to know him. It was too much for him. He started to back down, but then he saw someone behind the figure, someone he recognized. She was talking to someone, a figure just like him. ‘Orta, you know her do you not? She came here, only recently, to meet her friend. Her friend Vertigo, who knew her, just like I know you.' He was mystified, ‘Is this a dream, a nightmare?' He thought to himself. The figure stated ‘This is not a dream. I am as real as you or Orta.' He was puzzled, being driven to insanity by the information overload. He could not understand what was going on. The area around him had people around him arriving all the time, meeting mysterious figures just like him. ‘Look around,' the figure continued, ‘There is your friend Alambad with Insanity, your doctor Xenia with Death, your cousin Vyse with Paranoia, you are not alone.' He became hysterical, his eyes widening, his face as pale as the moon itself. He ran at his cousin, screaming and shouting. Yet Vyse did not notice him. ‘You attempts at communicating with beings other than me are futile. I am the only one you can converse with at The World.' He stopped, with tears in his eyes and dragged himself back to the figure. ‘What is your name?' he asked, as he tried to hide his emotions. When he received no response, he repeated his question louder with more infurity. It replied ‘The figure you see before you now, the figure you are conversing with now has no name. It is nothing. It does not exist except inside yourself. However as humans require a name for everything, you may refer to me, as Isolation.' He raised his claw like limbs to lift the hood that covered its face. As the hood fell behind it, he winched in disgust as he saw what the hood was hiding. On his face he had, nothing. ‘Victims of our own fear brought us here, there is no way out.' Isolation said with his none existent lips. He raised a boney finger towards the pillars of shadow and continued ‘You humans fuel The World through your fears and phobias. They are non-existent, yet prove useful to us. You feed the The World, governed by Chaos our king and ruler, you keep it open. Our apparent existence is created by you. The endless walk you had when traveling here, you created it, you made it. Orta entered The World through the Clouds above you. Xenia entered The World through a car accident, on Earth. I am sorry but you will never return to the place of your origin.' They looked up into the sky together, observing at the beauteous gem in the sky they knew as Earth. Walking along memory beach together, they were soon talking and joking together as if they were long lost friends, walking to the end of time.

John Brown and His Raid on Harpers Ferry

The abolitionist John Brown remains one of the most controversial figures of the 19th century. During a few years of fame before his fateful raid on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Americans either regarded him as a noble hero or a dangerous fanatic. After his execution on December 2, 1859, Brown became a martyr to those opposed to slavery. And the controversy over his actions and his fate helped stoke the tensions that pushed the United States to the brink of Civil War. Early Life John Brown was born on May 9, 1800, in Torrington, Connecticut. His family was descended from New England Puritans, and he had a deeply religious upbringing. John was the third of six children in the family. When Brown was five, the family moved to Ohio. During his childhood, Browns very religious father would exclaim that slavery was a sin against God. And when Brown visited a farm in his youth he witnessed the beating of slave. The violent incident had a lasting effect on young Brown, and he became a fanatical opponent of slavery. John Browns Anti-Slavery Passion Brown married at the age of 20, and he and his wife had seven children before she died in 1832. He remarried and fathered 13 more children. Brown and his family moved to several states, and he failed at every business he entered. His passion for eliminating slavery became the focus of his life. In 1837, Brown attended a meeting in Ohio in memory of Elijah Lovejoy, an abolitionist newspaper editor who had been killed in Illinois. At the meeting, Brown raised his hand and vowed that he would destroy slavery. Advocating Violence In 1847 Brown moved to Springfield, Massachusetts and began befriending members of a community of escaped slaves. It was at Springfield that he first befriended the abolitionist writer and editor Frederick Douglass, who had escaped from slavery in Maryland. Browns ideas became more radical, and he began advocating a violent overthrow of slavery. He argued that slavery was so entrenched that it could only be destroyed by violent means. Some opponents of slavery had become frustrated with the peaceful approach of the established abolition movement, and Brown gained some followers with his fiery rhetoric. John Browns Role in Bleeding Kansas In the 1850s the territory of Kansas was rocked by violent conflicts between anti-slavery and pro-slavery settlers. The violence, which became known as Bleeding Kansas, was a symptom of the highly controversial Kansas-Nebraska Act. John Brown and five of his sons moved to Kansas to support the free-soil settlers who wanted Kansas to come into the union as a free state in which slavery would be outlawed. In May 1856, in response to pro-slavery ruffians attacking Lawrence, Kansas, Brown and his sons attacked and killed five pro-slavery settlers at Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas. Brown Desired a  Slave Rebellion After acquiring a bloody reputation in Kansas, Brown set his sights higher. He became convinced that if he started an uprising among slaves by providing weapons and strategy, the revolt would spread across the entire south. There had been slave uprisings before, most notably the one led by the slave Nat Turner in Virginia in 1831. Turners rebellion resulted in the deaths of 60 whites and the eventual execution of Turner and more than 50 African Americans believed to have been involved. Brown was very familiar with the history of slave rebellions, yet still believed he could start a guerrilla war in the south. The Plan to Attack on Harpers Ferry Brown began to plan an attack on the federal arsenal in the small town of Harpers Ferry, Virginia (which is in present-day West Virginia). In July 1859, Brown, his sons, and other followers rented a farm across the Potomac River in Maryland. They spent the summer secretly stockpiling weapons, as they believed they could arm slaves in the south who would escape ​to join their cause. Brown traveled to Chambersburg, Pennsylvania at one point that summer to meet with his old friend Frederick Douglass. Hearing Browns plans, and believing them suicidal, Douglass refused to participate. John Browns Raid on Harpers Ferry On the night of October 16, 1859, Brown and 18 of his followers drove wagons into the town of Harpers Ferry. The raiders cut telegraph wires and quickly overcame the watchman at the armory, effectively seizing the building. Yet a train passing through town carried the news, and by the next day forces began to arrive. Brown and his men barricaded themselves inside buildings and a siege began. The slave uprising Brown hoped to spark never happened. A contingent of Marines arrived, under the command of Col. Robert E. Lee. Most of Browns men were soon killed, but he was taken alive on October 18 and jailed. The Martyrdom of John Brown Browns trial for treason in Charlestown, Virginia was major news in American newspapers in late 1859. He was convicted and sentenced to death. John Brown was hanged, along with four of his men, on December 2, 1859 at Charlestown. His execution was marked by the tolling of church bells in many towns in the north. The abolitionist cause had gained a martyr. And the execution of Brown was a step on the countrys road to Civil War.

Developing a Motivational Plan Essay - 1324 Words

Developing a Motivational Plan Essay Victoria Webb Grand Canyon University Educational Leadership in a Changing World - EDA 575 February 12, 2011 Developing a Motivational Plan Essay Motivation is the key to the success to any organization. â€Å"Human relation thinkers see the terms motivation and behavior as closely related because human behavior occurs as a result of motivation† (Razik Swanson, 2010, p. 108). Motivating people to work harder, give of themselves 100%, encouraging the employees to not only work harder, but smarter to develop ways of doing things better can be one of the hardest jobs of an organization (Razik Swanson, 2010). In this essay I will describe several motivational theories Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs,†¦show more content†¦When comparing theories from a classical to a more modern version of these theories we should consider the differences that exist between them. As our society changes and the focus on technology and diversity; these classical theories still fit the needs of today’s society in the organizational environment. Several of these theories still exist for example, Chris Argyris’s Theory of supervision and structure; McGregor’s Theory involving respect, trust, teamwork, and concern. Path-Goal Theory is based on the expectancy model, â€Å"the expectancy models suggest that the motivation to perform a task is a function of a person’s expectations or beliefs about effort, performance, and outcomes† (Razik Swanson, 2010, p. 108). To create a motivational plan for my school I don’t think there is a perfect theory, I think every theory has some positives and negative aspects to them. It would be imperative to learn about every staff member and know what motivates them as an individual. Let the employees be actively involved determining what they can contribute to the organization and giving each the opportunity to help set their individual goals; allowing each faculty member to create their goals give the power to each individual and a great motivator and incentive. When goals are personally set it creates accountability for each person and motivates them to reach their goal.Show MoreRelatedDeveloping a Motivational Plan Essay1192 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: DEVELOPING A MOTIVATIONAL PLAN Developing A Motivation Plan Grand Canyon University: EDA 575 Developing a Motivational Plan A motivation plan for any school is extremely important for the success of any educational program. Students who are not motivated will not learn and in turn won t succeed. 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Cognitive symptoms, those relating to problems with thought processes, include lowered concentration, apathy, rigidity, disorientation, minimization, and preoccupationRead MoreThe Importance Of Teachers On The Classroom Environment1668 Words   |  7 Pagesparents, I plan to do a variety of little things to yield big results. The relationship that teachers have with students is vital to the classroom environment. In â€Å"You’ve Got to Reach Them to Teach Them,† Mary Kim Schrek writes that â€Å"the human encounter between teacher and student is often a more powerful teaching tool than the academic content, the grade, the data analysis, and the hours spent picking apart the curriculum† (Schrek, 2011, p. 5). In order to establish such relationships, I plan to followRead MoreHow Employee Motivation Is Important For Organizations1616 Words   |  7 PagesEmployee motivation is important for organizations to produce the desired results needed and function effectively. 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Human Trafficking - 1302 Words

Section One: This bill will work with the U.S government to educate women and young children who may become victims of trafficking, spread awareness, and to have more efficient programs to help the trafficking victims recover. Section Two: Human trafficking is the fastest growing criminal industry in the world, currently second after illegal drug-trade. Human trafficking is a violation of human rights and considered to be a form of modern day slavery, the illegal trade of humans for forced labor or exploitation, fortunately it is recognized as a growing issue in the United States. Exploitation refers to the use of other individuals for prostitution or any forms of forced labour. Trafficking victims do not have to be foreign born or†¦show more content†¦Also domestic workers are exposed to toxic chemicals and hazardous conditions and have a lack of legal protection to cover them. In recent years, the United States took a major step against human trafficking by the Trafficking of Victims Protection Act (TVPA). In 2000, the United States passed the TVPA, which was the first federal law in the U.S. created to help victims of trafficking and to prosecute the traffickers. The Reauthorization Act of 2003 reaffirms the U.S. government’s commitment to fighting human trafficking, as stated in the 2000 act, and sets aside another $200 million in funding for various projects against this trade. Between the years 2001-2005 the US government significantly stepped up efforts in convicting perpetrators of this crime, filing 91 cases and charging 248 trafficking defendants. Although the United States passed the TVPA, human trafficking is hard to stop because it is very hard to track down and identify the traffickers, and it may be even harder to put victims in each category of trafficking. 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Among the victims of human trafficking crimes, there are those who are subjected to sexual exploitation, labor exploitationRead MoreHuman Trafficking And The Trafficking901 Words   |  4 PagesHuman Smuggling and trafficking continues to be a worldwide plague that has been, thus far been largely ignored by the international community. The paramount reason human trafficking and smuggling has festered and grown roots and spread globally. It started as a grassroots effort on the local level where women and girls (it affects boys as well) would be used and sold for sex. Eventually, greed and corruption tagged along for the ride and at that point the crimes became an organized enterprise. AtRead MoreThe Human Of Human Trafficking Essay1235 Words   |  5 Pagesin 1865, the practice of it is still very alive today. Human trafficking, a form of modern slavery, is the buying and selling of people, whether it s for forced labor or commercial sex. Every year, thousands of adults and childre n, especially girls, are forced into the endless trafficking ring. â€Å"The International Labour Organization estimates that there are 20.9 million victims of human trafficking globally† (â€Å"The Facts†). The human trafficking industry is a worldwide network that is worth an estimatedRead MoreThe Trafficking Of Human Trafficking Essay1752 Words   |  8 PagesIn this essay, the history of human trafficking will be examined, followed by who is affected by trafficking. Next the scope and types of exploitation will be discussed. Human trafficking is an issue that affects countries all over the world. Governments have made an effort to curb trafficking, however these efforts have been very narrowly focused. American ignorance has led to poor handling of the issues by policy makers. Finally the essay will discuss a proposed solution and set some goals forRead MoreHuman Trafficking1355 Words   |  6 PagesRigdon November 16, 2014 Human Trafficking and its Dire Effects. Human Trafficking in the United States is something not a lot of people discuss. Most think it is only something that happens in third world countries, but in fact could be happening in their hometown. According to Protocol to Prevent, Subdue and Punish Trafficking in Persons, human trafficking in the modern world entails transfer of persons by use of applied force. Other methods used to enforce the trafficking include use of deceptionRead MoreHuman Trafficking And Human Sex Trafficking1850 Words   |  8 Pagesof human sex trafficking come to one s mind. The United States of America is not immune to this type of horrific behavior. America is the land of the free and yet something as awful as human sex trafficking occurs in our very own backyard each and everyday. According to the Department of Homeland Security the definition of human trafficking is â€Å"modern day slavery that involves the use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain some type of labor or commercial sex act† (â€Å"What Is Human Trafficking?†)Read MoreSex Trafficking And Human Trafficking Essay1243 Words   |  5 Pages Human trafficking brings in billions of dollars into the U.S and all around the world. â€Å"The prime motive for such outrageous abuse is simple: money. In this $12 billion global business just one woman trafficked into the industrialized world can net her captors an average $67,000 a year† (Baird 2007). The laws around human trafficking are not strict and vary depending on what country it is happening in. Human trafficking is not something that is strictly foreign, it

Communicative Games In Teaching Speaking Education Essay Free Essays

English instruction has drawn much public attending as English has become one of the most effectual international linguistic communications. In such inclination of society for developing hearing and talking accomplishments instead than reading and composing accomplishments, surveies on how to better scholars ‘ speech production accomplishments have been carried out, but there are still many facets left undiscovered. In some non-English speech production states like Viet Nam, many high school pupils frequently find it hard to talk English and experience world-weary and nervous in talking lessons. We will write a custom essay sample on Communicative Games In Teaching Speaking Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The grounds are because they spend much clip on the topics that they will impact their consequences of university entryway test than the others, because English trials in high schools and in entryway tests are in composing and reading signifiers but non in talking signifier, and because the figure of periods of topics of natural scientific discipline is more than topics of societal scientific discipline or frailty versa. Therefore assorted methods have been used to accomplish the effectivity in learning English speech production, and one of them is utilizing communicative games. It is said that communicative games is one of the most effectual methods to better learning English speech production in high schools due to their positive effects. In add-on, the survey into using communicative games in learning English speech production in high schools is helpful to my procedure of learning pattern in high schools. For the above grounds, the research subject â€Å" Application of communicative games in learning speech production in English 10 † is hoped to lend to the effectivity in learning English speech production. 2. Purposes and aims The survey is to show the effectivity in application of communicative games in learning speech production in English 10. The research has some undermentioned purposes: – To happen out jobs that pupils encounter in speech production categories. To analyze the effectivity of communicative games in speech production categories. To propose some pedagogical deductions to accomplish the effectivity in learning speech production. 3. Scope of the survey The research is examined in 10th grade pupils of three categories at Quoc Hoc high school. For the clip bound and the length bound, the survey trades with four units which are unit 12, 13, 14 and 15 in English 10. 4. Research inquiries – What are the troubles that pupils encounter in speech production categories? – How effectual are communicative games in speech production categories? 5. Methods of the survey The survey is a qualitative and quantitative research. The collected informations by making a study on 10th grade pupils of three categories at Quoc Hoc high school will be quantitatively analyzed. A qualitative analysis on informations collected on pupils will be carried out to demo the effectivity of application of communicative games in learning English speech production. 6. Design of the survey The thesis is organized into five chief parts as follows: Chapter 1: Introduction presents the grounds for taking the subject, the purposes and aims of the survey, the range of the survey and the organisation of the survey. Chapter 2: Literature Review and Theoretical Background includes two parts. The first portion reviews old related surveies. The 2nd 1 is to show an overview of English 10 text edition, state of affairs of learning and larning English speech production in high schools, scholars ‘ communicative competency, communicative activities and communicative games. Chapter 3: Methods and Procedures shows the research design and research methods, the description of the process of informations aggregation and information analysis, the description of participants and instruments in the research. Chapter 4: Findingss and Discussion is to show the findings of the probe and analysis and to discourse the consequences of the study. Chapter 5: Decision and Implications summarizes the survey, shows deductions and restrictions of the survey and suggests for farther research. Table OF CONTENTS Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Purposes and Aims 1.3 Scope of the Study 1.4 Research Questions 1.5 Organization of the Study Chapter 2: Literature Review and Theoretical Background 2.1 Previous research plants 2.2 Theoretical Background 2.2.1 Overview of English 10 Textbook 2.2.2 Communicative Language Teaching 2.2.3 Communicative Competence 2.2.4 Communicative Activities 2.2.5 Communicative Games 2.2.5.1 Definition of Communicative Games 2.2.5.2 Functions of Communicative Games in Teaching English Chapter 3: Methods and Procedures 3.1 Research Design and Methodology 3.. Study Procedures Chapter 4: Findingss and Discussion 4.1 Troubles of Students in Speaking Classs 4.2 Effectiveness of Communicative Games in Speaking Classs 4.3 Discussion 4.4 Drumhead Chapter 5: Decision and Deductions 5.1 Decision 5.2 Deductions 5.2.1 Design Principles of Communicative Games 5.2.2 Principles of Application of Communicative Games in Teaching Talking 5.2.3 Some Suggested Communicative Games in Teaching Talking 5.2.3.1 Some Communicative Games for Unit 12 5.2.3.2 Some Communicative Games for Unit 13 5.2.3.3 Some Communicative Games for Unit 14 5.2.3.4 Some Communicative Games for Unit 15 5.3 Restriction 5.4 Suggestions for Further Research EXPECTED OUTCOMES The consequences of this survey are expected as follows: First, games are activities that make people experience relaxed and aroused and utilizing communicative games in learning English speech production draws attending of non lone instructors but besides scholars. Second, instructors can cognize more about the effectivity of communicative games in learning speech production, and cognize how to take or plan communicative games suited for scholars and learning points. Third, learning English speech production is more exciting and effectual because communicative games motivate scholars and assist them comprehend learning points in a natural manner. Plan OF THE PROJECT Occupation Detailss of occupation Time 1 Choosing a subject and planing the program of the undertaking – Determination job countries that require probe – Choosing a suited subject – Consulting relevant surveies and paperss – Planing the program of the undertaking By 24th December 2 Roll uping informations and analysing the information – Design questionnaires – Making study on 10th grade pupils by utilizing questionnaires – Analyzing the information By the terminal of February 3 Writing the thesis – Writing the first bill of exchange – Completing the thesis and composing the concluding bill of exchange By the terminal of March i? ¶ I thirstily underscore my committedness to carry throughing this research paper as scheduled under the direction of my supervisor. i? ¶ The first bill of exchange needs more work ; nevertheless, I agree to assist the pupil on status that the pupil can transport out the undertakings as planned. SUPERVISOR STUDENT Vo Tha »Ã¢â‚¬ ¹ Thanh Dia »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡p Nguya »Ã¢â‚¬ ¦n Thia »Ã¢â‚¬ ¡n Ma »? How to cite Communicative Games In Teaching Speaking Education Essay, Essay examples

Engineering Project Control for Schematic Design -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theEngineering Project Control for Schematic Design. Answer: Project Governance refers to the framework of management within which the decisions relating to a project are made. It serves to provide a framework for decision making that is repeatable, logical and robust in a bid to govern the capital investments of an organization. Gate keeping refers to the process of filtration of information for dissemination for any modes of communication Stage Gate Approval is a project management technique where a project is divided into various stages or phases, which are separated from one another using decision points. Front end loading also known as pre-project planning, early project planning, conceptual planning, schematic design and feasibility analysis is the process of development of the concepts of projects as carried out in processing industries (Aschman, 2017, p.117). Design-Build is one of the systems used in delivering projects in the construction industry and involves the delivery in which one of the entities (the design-build team), works under the same contract as the owner of the project in the provision of construction and design services. Design-bid-build also referred to as design-tender traditional method is a system of project delivery where the owner or the agency of the project is contracted separately for entities of design and construction of a stipulated project (Aschman, 2017 p. 258). This method of project delivery is the ancient project delivery method and has a distinguishable aspect from build-design project delivery method. Deign-bid-build has three major sequential phases that lead to the delivery of the project: Design phase Bidding/ tender phase Construction phase EPCM, an abbreviation for Engineering, Procurement and Construction Management is a form of project delivery in which the client picks on a contractor who is to offer the management service of the project in totality on behalf of the client. In this arrangement, the contractor is tasked with the coordination of all procurement, design and construction works and is to ensure that the project goes on to completion as per the stipulated timelines (Aschman, 2017, p. 188). Depending on the arrangement between the client and the contractor, the contractor may or otherwise undertake the site work of the project. Construction contractors become involved in a project after the design and bidding during the project execution stage. The contractor is the individual that is tasked with the responsibility of the changing the construction drawings from the architect into the actual building (Merrow, 2011 p.211). The outcomes of mega industrial projects are least influenced by the contracting approach. According to Merrow, of greater importance and value is the quality of the people that are involved in a project and how to effect the project organization is. In his argument, he feels that there is no best contracting approach as every contracting approach can succeed. In this, he attempts to eliminate the traps in which clients use contracts as a scapegoat in which they pass the burden of the responsibility of the outcomes of the project to the contractor (Merrow, 2011 p.266). Contractors do not have the knowledge and skills to manage such possible risks or even the balance sheet in which they can absorb them. Concisely, Merrow advises that quality time should be spent organizing and shaping the project before the actual execution can formally be initiated. I agree with these sentiments in light of having a successful project. References Aschman A, Establishing a Fit For Purpose Project System,' Independent Analysis Newsletter, Vol. 9, December 2017. Merrow EW, Industrial Megaprojects, Concepts, Strategies and Practices for Success, Willey, 2011